“脫帽風流余長史”的意思及全詩出處和翻譯賞析

《次韻孔常父送張天覺河東提刑》是蘇軾的一首詩詞。以下是詩詞的中文譯文、詩意和賞析：

中文譯文：
送你應該穿上鹔鹴皮袍，借助千鐘酒洗去離愁。脫下官帽，風流的余長史，（你喜歡草書而不擅長，所以以此為戲。）家世本是留侯的傳人。（張綱，是子房的第七世孫，來自武陽的犍為人。他的墳墓現在在彭山，你難道不是他的后人嗎？）子河的駿馬正在爭先出走，（麟府的馬，從子河汊流出。）昭義的疲憊士兵也少有休息。（唐朝稱呼昭義的步兵，可能是指澤潞弓箭手。）定向秋山中找到了美麗的詩句，所以經過故關，黃葉滿路行駛。

詩意和賞析：
這首詩詞是蘇軾寫給孔常父送別張天覺的作品。詩中通過描述送別場景和一些典故，表達了對張天覺的祝福和對他未來前程的期許。

首先，詩詞以送別的場景開篇。蘇軾提到送別者應該穿上鹔鹴皮袍，這是一種昂貴的貴族裝束，象征著高貴和尊崇。他借喻千鐘酒來洗去離愁，寓意送別時的憂愁和不舍。這里展現了詩人對張天覺的關懷和祝福，希望他能夠在離別后不再憂愁。

接著，蘇軾通過一些典故和隱喻來表達對張天覺的贊揚和期望。他說張天覺不擅長書法，喜歡草書，這里以此為戲，可能是指他對張天覺的一種揶揄和戲謔。然后，蘇軾提到張天覺的家世本是留侯的傳人，暗示他有著優秀的家世和背景。這里提到的張綱是張天覺的祖先，蘇軾質疑張天覺是否真的能夠繼承留侯的衣缽，意味著對張天覺的期望和挑戰。

最后兩句詩中，蘇軾通過描繪子河的駿馬競相出走和昭義疲憊士兵少有休息的情景，暗示張天覺即將面對的挑戰和壓力。然而，蘇軾提到張天覺在秋山中找到了美麗的詩句，通過"故關"，黃葉滿路行駛，這里可能指的是張天覺能夠在困境中找到機會和靈感，能夠應對并克服困難。

整首詩詞表達了蘇軾對張天覺的祝福和對他未來前程的期望。通過對送別場景和一些隱喻的描繪，詩人展現了對張天覺的關懷和鼓勵，同時也透露了對他的期待《次韻孔常父送張天覺河東提刑》 is a poem written by Su Shi during the Song dynasty. Below is the Chinese translation, poetic meaning, and analysis of the poem:

Translation:
I send you off, dressed in a luxurious egret-feather robe,
Relieve your parting sorrow with a thousand cups of wine.
Remove your official hat, the elegant Chief Clerk remains,
(You are fond of grass script calligraphy but lack expertise, thus I jest.)
Your family lineage lies with the Marquis of Liuyang.
(Zhang Gang, the great-great-grandson of Zifang, comes from Wuyang. His tomb is now in Pengshan. Are you not his descendant?)

Horses from the Zi River compete to emerge swiftly,
(Lin Mansion's horses, from the Zi River estuary.)
The weary soldiers of Zhaoyi have little respite.
(During the Tang dynasty, Zhaoyi was known for its infantry, perhaps referring to the archers of Zelu.)
In the autumn mountains, you find excellent verses,
Thus, through the ancient pass, golden leaves fill your journey.

Poetic Meaning and Analysis:
This poem, "In Reply to Kong Changfu's Farewell to Zhang Tianjue, Judge of Hedong," was written by Su Shi to bid farewell to Zhang Tianjue. The poem expresses the poet's blessings and expectations for Zhang's future while depicting the farewell scene and incorporating various allusions.

The poem begins with the farewell scene. Su Shi mentions that the one bidding farewell should be dressed in a luxurious egret-feather robe, symbolizing nobility and honor. He metaphorically suggests washing away the sorrow of parting with a thousand cups of wine, expressing his concern and good wishes for Zhang Tianjue to alleviate his sadness.

Next, Su Shi employs allusions and metaphors to praise and expect great things from Zhang Tianjue. He remarks that Zhang Tianjue is not skilled in calligraphy but has a fondness for grass script. This playful remark may indicate a teasing tone towards Zhang Tianjue. Su Shi then mentions Zhang Tianjue's ancestral heritage as a descendant of the Marquis of Liuyang, implying his distinguished family background. The mentioned Zhang Gang is Zhang Tianjue's ancestor, and Su Shi questions whether Zhang Tianjue can truly inherit the legacy of the Marquis, suggesting both expectations and challenges.

In the last two lines of the poem, Su Shi portrays horses from the Zi River rushing out in competition and the weary soldiers of Zhaoyi having little respite. These scenes symbolize the challenges and pressures Zhang Tianjue is about to face. However, Su Shi mentions that Zhang Tianjue finds excellent verses in the autumn mountains and travels through the ancient pass with golden leaves filling his journey. This could imply that Zhang Tianjue can find inspiration and opportunities amidst adversity and overcome difficulties.

The entire poem expresses Su Shi's blessings and expectations for Zhang Tianjue's future. Through depictions of the farewell scene and various metaphors, the poet demonstrates his care and encouragement for Zhang Tianjue while revealing his hopes and aspirations.

cì yùn kǒng cháng fù sòng zhāng tiān jué hé dōng tí xíng
次韻孔常父送張天覺河東提刑

sòng jūn yìng diǎn sù shuāng qiú, píng zhàng qiān zhōng xǐ bié chóu.
送君應典鹔鹴裘，憑仗千鐘洗別愁。
tuō mào fēng liú yú zhǎng shǐ, jūn xǐ cǎo shū ér bù gōng, gù yǐ cǐ wéi xì.
脫帽風流余長史，（君喜草書而不工，故以此為戲。
mái lún jiā shì běn liú hóu.
）埋輪家世本留侯。
zhāng gāng, zǐ fáng qī shì sūn yě, qián wéi wǔ yáng rén.
（張綱，子房七世孫也，犍為武陽人。
mù zài jīn péng shān, jūn qǐ qí hòu yé? zi hé jùn mǎ fāng zhēng chū, lín fǔ mǎ, chū zi hé chà.
墓在今彭山，君豈其后耶？）子河駿馬方爭出，（麟府馬，出子河汊。
zhāo yì pí bīng yì shǎo xiū.
）昭義疲兵亦少休。
táng chēng zhāo yì bù bīng, gài zé lù gōng jiàn shǒu.
（唐稱昭義步兵，蓋澤潞弓箭手。
dìng xiàng qiū shān dé jiā jù, gù guān huáng yè mǎn xíng zhōu.
）定向秋山得嘉句，故關黃葉滿行辀。