“堅頑那復愁空橐”的意思及全詩出處和翻譯賞析

《自近村歸》是宋代文學家陸游的一首詩詞。以下是對該詩的中文譯文、詩意和賞析：

雪晴村路尚殘泥，
茅屋清寒正要低。
野渡船虛飛鳥集，
煙村路近蹇驢嘶。

堅頑那復愁空橐，
老健猶能伴架犁。
蹴榻不僵君會否？
更須百甕享黃齏。

中文譯文：
冬日雪晴，鄉村小路上的泥濘仍未完全消散，
簡陋的茅屋寒冷，似乎要低垂下來。
野渡上空，鳥兒們集聚在虛無的船上，
煙村的小路近在咫尺，蹇驢嘶鳴著。

堅固的意志何必再感到憂愁，空空的麻袋又能有何擔憂呢，
老邁而健壯，仍能陪伴著犁耕田地。
踢動床榻，你是否還能活動自如？
更需要百甕黃齏來享受。

詩意和賞析：
《自近村歸》這首詩描繪了陸游歸鄉的情景，以樸實自然的語言表達了作者對鄉村生活的深情和思考。

首先，詩中以雪晴村路尚有殘泥的描寫，表現了冬日的霜寒還未完全消退，鄉村道路上仍然泥濘不堪。這一景象暗示了農村的貧困和艱辛，折射出作者對現實生活的真實觀察。

接著，詩中提到了茅屋清寒，形容了鄉村低賤的居住環境，以及作者生活的樸素和清貧。這種清貧的生活狀態使得作者感到低垂，進一步突顯了他內心的憂愁和無奈。

然后，詩中描繪了野渡船上飛鳥的景象，以及煙村的小路近在咫尺，蹇驢嘶鳴的情景。這些都是鄉村生活中常見的景象，通過描寫這些細節，表達了作者對家鄉的思念和對自然的感悟。

接下來，詩中提到了堅固的意志和老邁而健壯的身體。作者表示即使面對困境和年華的衰老，他仍然保持堅定的意志和積極的生活態度。這種樂觀向上的情感體現了作者的堅韌和勇氣。

最后，詩中以蹴榻不僵的問題向讀者發問，表達了作者對友人的思念和期盼。百甕黃齏的提及則暗示了作者對幸福生活的渴望和對友情的珍視。

總體來說，這首詩以樸素自然的語言描繪了鄉村生活的艱辛和質樸，表達了作者對家鄉的眷戀和對生活的思考。通過對細節的描寫，展示了作者堅韌不拔的精神和對幸福生活的向往《自近村歸》 is a poem by the Song dynasty poet Lu You. Here is the Chinese translation, poetic meaning, and appreciation of the poem:

雪晴村路尚殘泥，
茅屋清寒正要低。
野渡船虛飛鳥集，
煙村路近蹇驢嘶。

堅頑那復愁空橐，
老健猶能伴架犁。
蹴榻不僵君會否？
更須百甕享黃齏。

Chinese translation:
雪晴之后，鄉村的小路上仍有殘留的泥濘，
簡陋茅屋清寒，似乎要傾斜下來。
野渡船上空虛，飛鳥聚集，
煙村的小路近在咫尺，蹇驢嘶鳴。

堅固的意志何必再感到憂愁，空空的麻袋又能有何擔憂呢，
老邁而健壯，仍能陪伴著犁耕田地。
踢動床榻，你是否還能活動自如？
更需要百甕黃齏來享受。

Poetic meaning and appreciation:
"自近村歸" depicts the scene of Lu You returning to his hometown, expressing his deep affection and contemplation for rural life.

Firstly, the poem describes the lingering muddy roads after the snow has cleared, indicating the harshness of winter that has not completely dissipated, with the country roads still being muddy. This scene implies the poverty and hardships of rural life, reflecting the author's keen observation of reality.

Next, the poem mentions the humble thatched cottage, portraying the humble living conditions in the countryside and the author's simple and frugal lifestyle. This state of poverty makes the author feel low and further highlights his inner worries and helplessness.

Then, the poem depicts the scene of birds gathering on the empty ferry and the nearby village path where the lame donkey brays. These are common sights in rural life. By describing these details, the author expresses his yearning for his hometown and his understanding of nature.

Furthermore, the poem mentions the unyielding spirit and the old yet strong body. The author states that even in the face of difficulties and the aging of time, he still maintains a firm will and a positive attitude towards life. This optimistic and positive emotion reflects the author's resilience and courage.

Finally, the poem asks the reader about the unyielding bed, expressing the author's longing and anticipation for his friends. The mention of a hundred barrels of yellow porridge implies the author's desire for a happy life and his appreciation of friendship.

Overall, this poem uses a simple and natural language to depict the hardships and simplicity of rural life, expressing the author's nostalgia for his hometown and his contemplation of life. Through the portrayal of details, the poem showcases the author's indomitable spirit and his yearning for a happy life.

zì jìn cūn guī
自近村歸

xuě qíng cūn lù shàng cán ní, máo wū qīng hán zhèng yào dī.
雪晴村路尚殘泥，茅屋清寒正要低。
yě dù chuán xū fēi niǎo jí, yān cūn lù jìn jiǎn lǘ sī.
野渡船虛飛鳥集，煙村路近蹇驢嘶。
jiān wán nà fù chóu kōng tuó, lǎo jiàn yóu néng bàn jià lí.
堅頑那復愁空橐，老健猶能伴架犁。
cù tà bù jiāng jūn huì fǒu? gèng xū bǎi wèng xiǎng huáng jī.
蹴榻不僵君會否？更須百甕享黃齏。