“烏鳶何得同爾心”的意思及全詩出處和翻譯賞析

《覆巢行》是唐代詩人孟郊創作的一首詩詞，描寫了一片荒涼的城市中，古樹枝條枯萎，鳥雀們困苦地供養幼雛的情景。但是由于樹枝搖搖欲墜，巢穴狹小，風雨交加，樹巢往往未能留存太久就先行傾覆。詩詞表達了孟郊對生命的無常和脆弱的認識，同時也暗示了人與自然的關系以及人類對于生存環境的適應性。

詩詞的中文譯文如下：

荒城古木枝多枯，
In the desolate city, the ancient trees have many withered branches,
The ancient trees in the desolate city have many withered branches,

飛禽嗷嗷朝哺雛。
The flying birds loudly feed their chicks in the morning.
The birds in flight cried as they fed their chicks in the morning.

枝傾巢覆雛墜地，
The branches tilt and the nests overturn, the young birds fall to the ground,
Branches teeter, nests flip, and chicks tumble to the ground,

烏鳶下啄更相呼。
The crows and buzzards scavenge and call for each other.
Blackbirds and kites swoop down, calling to one another.

陽和發生均孕育，
With the warmth of the sun, everything comes to life,
In the warmth of the sun's rays, all things breed,

鳥獸有情知不足。
Birds and beasts have emotions, but they are unsatisfied.
Birds and beasts are sentient, yet they are aware of their insufficiency.

枝危巢小風雨多，
The branches are precarious, the nests are small, and there are many wind and rain.
Perilous branches, tiny nests, constant wind and rain,

未容長成已先覆。
Before they can grow, they are already overturned.
Before they can grow, they are already destroyed.

靈枝珍木滿上林，
Spiritual branches, precious trees, fill the forest,
Spiritual branches and precious trees fill the upper forest,

鳳巢阿閣重且深。
The phoenix's nest, the owl's chamber, are heavy and deep.
Phoenix's nests and owls' chambers are heavy and deep.

爾今所托非本地，
Now that you are entrusted, it is not your homeland,
Now entrusted, it is not your native place,

烏鳶何得同爾心。
How can crows and buzzards share your heart?
How can blackbirds and kites share your heart?

這首詩詞通過描繪荒涼城市中的景象，以及其中鳥類和樹木的關系，深刻表達了孟郊對生命的脆弱和無常的認識。詩中的樹枝和巢穴象征著人類生存環境的不穩定和臨時性，而鳥獸們則象征著人類對此環境的適應和努力。詩中表達了人與自然的關系，以及人類對于生活環境的適應性和對于不確定性的感知。同時，詩中還隱含了對于人類能力和生命的深思，以及對于社會現實中的遷移、托庇和歸屬感等主題的探討，展示了孟郊獨特的藝術和思想風格。

fù cháo xíng
覆巢行

huāng chéng gǔ mù zhī duō kū, fēi qín áo áo cháo bǔ chú.
荒城古木枝多枯，飛禽嗷嗷朝哺雛。
zhī qīng cháo fù chú zhuì dì,
枝傾巢覆雛墜地，
wū yuān xià zhuó gèng xiāng hū.
烏鳶下啄更相呼。
yáng hé fā shēng jūn yùn yù, niǎo shòu yǒu qíng zhī bù zú.
陽和發生均孕育，鳥獸有情知不足。
zhī wēi cháo xiǎo fēng yǔ duō, wèi róng cháng chéng yǐ xiān fù.
枝危巢小風雨多，未容長成已先覆。
líng zhī zhēn mù mǎn shàng lín,
靈枝珍木滿上林，
fèng cháo ā gé zhòng qiě shēn.
鳳巢阿閣重且深。
ěr jīn suǒ tuō fēi běn dì, wū yuān hé dé tóng ěr xīn.
爾今所托非本地，烏鳶何得同爾心。