“有客長年被綠蓑”的意思及全詩出處和翻譯賞析

這首詩詞《題徐景顏教諭縠江漁者卷》是明代邵伯宣所作。以下是對該詩的中文譯文、詩意和賞析：

柯山青浸縠江波，
有客長年被綠蓑。
釣澤偶膺多士選，
講帷仍賦散人歌。

桃花白鷺忘機久，
莼菜鱸魚入夢多。
遲子束書歸舊隱，
水云深處一經過。

中文譯文：
柯山的青色浸染了縠江的波浪，
有位客人長年穿著綠色的蓑衣。
在釣澤，偶然受到士人的選中，
講帷仍然賦詩歌給散居之人。

桃花和白鷺已經長久地忘卻了塵俗之事，
水蓮和鱸魚則常常入夢中。
遲子束書歸還原來的隱居之地，
水云深處只是一瞬間的經過。

詩意和賞析：
這首詩詞以自然景色和隱居者的生活為主題，描繪了柯山和縠江的美景，并通過描述客人穿著綠色蓑衣、在釣澤中受到士人歡迎等情景，表達了隱逸生活的理想和追求。作者以簡潔而富有意境的語言，展示了自然與人文的和諧相融。

詩中提到的柯山和縠江都是江蘇省蘇州市周邊的著名風景名勝區。柯山以其秀麗的山水景色和悠久的歷史文化而聞名，縠江是一條穿過蘇州城的河流，以其清澈的水質和迷人的風光而受到贊譽。

詩中的客人穿著綠色的蓑衣，象征著隱士的身份，長年在這美麗的自然環境中生活。他們在釣澤（或指柯山的一個釣魚區）偶然受到士人的賞識，講帷（指講學的場所）仍然賦詩給散居的隱士，表現了士人和隱士之間的互動和共鳴。

桃花和白鷺被描繪為久違了塵俗之事，象征著隱士對紛擾世事的遺忘和追求寧靜的心態。水蓮和鱸魚入夢多，暗示隱士對自然的熱愛和對簡樸生活的向往。

最后兩句描述了遲子（可能是指詩中的客人）束書歸還舊地，水云深處只是一瞬間的經過，表達了隱士回歸隱居地的意愿和對短暫人事的淡漠態度。

整首詩以清新、淡雅的筆觸展現了自然景色和隱逸生活的美好，表達了作者對自然與人文的熱愛和對紛擾世事的超脫追求，體現了明代文人的隱逸情懷和追求清靜自然的精神以下是《題徐景顏教諭縠江漁者卷》的英文翻譯、詩意和賞析：

Poem: "Inscription on Xu Jingyan's Volume of Instruction for Fishermen on the Hu River"
Dynasty: Ming Dynasty
Author: Shao Boxuan

The green of Ke Mountain permeates the waves of the Hu River,
A guest in a green cape dwells here year after year.
In the fishing marsh, occasionally chosen by men of talent,
He still composes verses for the wandering souls.

Peach blossoms and white egrets have long forgotten worldly affairs,
Water shield and perch often enter his dreams.
Late, he binds books and returns to his old seclusion,
In the depths of water and clouds, he passes by.

Poetic Translation:
The green of Ke Mountain saturates the waves of the Hu River,
A guest has worn a green cape for many years.
In the fishing marsh, he is occasionally chosen by talented men,
Still composing verses for the wandering souls.

Peach blossoms and white egrets have long forgotten worldly matters,
Water shield and perch often appear in his dreams.
Late, he binds books and returns to his old seclusion,
Passing by in the depths of water and clouds.

Poetic Meaning and Analysis:
This poem, "Inscription on Xu Jingyan's Volume of Instruction for Fishermen on the Hu River," written by Shao Boxuan during the Ming Dynasty, depicts natural scenery and the life of a recluse. It portrays the beauty of Ke Mountain and the Hu River, expressing the ideal and pursuit of a secluded life. The author employs concise and picturesque language to showcase the harmonious integration of nature and culture.

Ke Mountain and the Hu River mentioned in the poem are famous scenic areas near Suzhou, Jiangsu Province in China. Ke Mountain is renowned for its beautiful landscapes and rich historical and cultural heritage, while the Hu River flows through Suzhou, known for its clear water and enchanting scenery.

The guest in the poem wearing a green cape symbolizes the identity of a recluse who has been living in this beautiful natural environment for many years. They are occasionally recognized by scholars in the fishing marsh (possibly referring to a fishing area in Ke Mountain), and they continue to compose poems for the wandering recluses, demonstrating the interaction and resonance between scholars and recluses.

Peach blossoms and white egrets are depicted as having long forgotten worldly affairs, symbolizing the recluse's detachment from worldly matters and their pursuit of tranquility. Water shield and perch frequently appear in their dreams, indicating the recluse's love for nature and their yearning for a simple life.

The last two lines describe the late return of the guest, possibly referring to the recluse, who binds books and returns to their old seclusion. The passing by in the depths of water and clouds implies their desire to return to their secluded dwelling and their indifference to transient worldly affairs.

The entire poem employs a fresh and elegant style to present the beauty of natural scenery and the allure of a reclusive life. It expresses the author's love for nature and culture, their pursuit of detachment from worldly affairs, and embodies the spirit of Ming Dynasty literati's yearning for seclusion and a serene connection with nature.

tí xú jǐng yán jiào yù hú jiāng yú zhě juǎn
題徐景顏教諭縠江漁者卷

kē shān qīng jìn hú jiāng bō, yǒu kè cháng nián bèi lǜ suō.
柯山青浸縠江波，有客長年被綠蓑。
diào zé ǒu yīng duō shì xuǎn, jiǎng wéi réng fù sǎn rén gē.
釣澤偶膺多士選，講帷仍賦散人歌。
táo huā bái lù wàng jī jiǔ, chún cài lú yú rù mèng duō.
桃花白鷺忘機久，莼菜鱸魚入夢多。
chí zi shù shū guī jiù yǐn, shuǐ yún shēn chù yī jīng guò.
遲子束書歸舊隱，水云深處一經過。