“鐘來廢寺覺城荒”的意思及全詩出處和翻譯賞析

《昭德堂晚步》是宋代文人陸游創作的一首詩詞。下面是這首詩詞的中文譯文、詩意和賞析：

笑喚枯筇蹋夕陽，
探春聊作靜中忙。
高枝鵲語如相命，
幽徑梅開秪自香。
苔蝕斷碑驚世換，
鐘來廢寺覺城荒。
謫仙未必無遺恨，
老欠題詩到夜郎。

中文譯文：
嬉笑著呼喚著枯竹，踏著夕陽徐步。
春天探尋，卻只是在忙碌中尋找寧靜。
高枝上的鵲鳥彷佛在預示著命運，
幽徑中的梅花只有自己散發著芬芳。
蘚苔侵蝕著斷碑，驚動了世間的更迭，
鐘聲傳來，廢棄的寺廟讓人感受到城市的荒涼。
被貶謫的仙人未必沒有遺憾之情，
年邁的我卻未能在夜郎題上一首詩。

詩意和賞析：
《昭德堂晚步》描繪了作者在昭德堂的晚間散步情景。詩中通過描述自然景物和個人感慨，展示了作者內心的感受和思考。

詩的前兩句“笑喚枯筇踏夕陽，探春聊作靜中忙”，描繪了作者在夕陽下散步的場景。他笑著呼喚著枯竹，踏著夕陽步行。探春指的是尋找春天的意象，然而這種探尋只是在忙碌中尋找片刻的寧靜，表達了作者對生活的追求和對自然的向往。

接下來的兩句“高枝鵲語如相命，幽徑梅開秪自香”，通過自然景物的描寫，表達了作者對命運和自然力量的感慨。高枝上的鵲鳥相互呼應，仿佛在預示著命運的安排，而幽徑中的梅花雖然只有自己散發著芬芳，卻也展示了自然的美好和獨立的品質。

接下來的兩句“苔蝕斷碑驚世換，鐘來廢寺覺城荒”，通過對廢墟和廢寺的描寫，表達了歲月更迭和城市荒涼的感受。苔蘚侵蝕著斷碑，驚動了世間的更迭，鐘聲傳來，廢棄的寺廟讓人感受到城市的荒涼和時光的無情流轉。

最后兩句“謫仙未必無遺恨，老欠題詩到夜郎”，表達了作者對自己命運的思考和遺憾。被貶謫的仙人未必沒有遺憾之情，而年邁的作者卻未能在夜郎題上一首詩，暗示了作者對自己未盡的事業和心愿的遺憾。

整首詩以自然景物為背景，融入了個人情感和哲思，傳達了作者對生活、命運和歲月流轉的思考。《昭德堂晚步》 is a poem written by the Song dynasty poet Lu You. Here is the Chinese translation, poetic meaning, and appreciation of the poem:

笑喚枯筇蹋夕陽，
探春聊作靜中忙。
高枝鵲語如相命，
幽徑梅開秪自香。
苔蝕斷碑驚世換，
鐘來廢寺覺城荒。
謫仙未必無遺恨，
老欠題詩到夜郎。

Translation:
With a smile, I call out to the withered bamboo, treading on the evening sun.
Seeking the arrival of spring, finding tranquility amidst busyness.
The chattering of magpies on tall branches seems like a predetermined fate,
The secluded path, where plum blossoms bloom, exudes its unique fragrance.
Moss erodes the broken stele, surprising the world with its changes,
The sound of a bell reaches a deserted temple, making one sense the desolation of the city.
A banished immortal may not be without regrets,
In my old age, I owe a poem to the land of Ye Lang.

Poetic Meaning and Appreciation:
"昭德堂晚步" depicts the scene of the poet's evening walk at the Zhaode Hall. Through the description of natural scenery and personal reflections, the poem reveals the poet's inner feelings and contemplations.

The first two lines, "With a smile, I call out to the withered bamboo, treading on the evening sun," portray the poet's walking scene under the evening sun. He calls out to the withered bamboo with a smile, stepping on the rays of the setting sun. "探春" refers to the pursuit of spring, but this pursuit only finds a temporary tranquility amidst busyness, expressing the poet's pursuit of life and longing for nature.

The following two lines, "The chattering of magpies on tall branches seems like a predetermined fate, The secluded path, where plum blossoms bloom, exudes its unique fragrance," express the poet's contemplation on destiny and the forces of nature. The magpies on the high branches seem to communicate in a way that foretells fate, while the plum blossoms on the secluded path, although only emitting their own fragrance, also exhibit the beauty of nature and independent qualities.

The next two lines, "Moss erodes the broken stele, surprising the world with its changes, The sound of a bell reaches a deserted temple, making one sense the desolation of the city," depict ruins and abandoned temples, expressing the sense of time passing and the desolation of the city. Moss erodes the broken stele, causing changes that astonish the world, and the sound of a bell reaches a deserted temple, making one feel the desolation of the city and the relentless flow of time.

The final two lines, "A banished immortal may not be without regrets, In my old age, I owe a poem to the land of Ye Lang," convey the poet's thoughts on his own destiny and regrets. A banished immortal may not be without regrets, and in the poet's old age, he still owes a poem to the land of Ye Lang, indicating his regrets regarding unfinished aspirations and wishes.

The entire poem is set against the backdrop of natural scenery, infused with personal emotions and philosophical musings, conveying the poet's contemplation on life, destiny, and the passage of time.

zhāo dé táng wǎn bù
昭德堂晚步

xiào huàn kū qióng tà xī yáng, tàn chūn liáo zuò jìng zhōng máng.
笑喚枯筇蹋夕陽，探春聊作靜中忙。
gāo zhī què yǔ rú xiāng mìng, yōu jìng méi kāi zhī zì xiāng.
高枝鵲語如相命，幽徑梅開秪自香。
tái shí duàn bēi jīng shì huàn, zhōng lái fèi sì jué chéng huāng.
苔蝕斷碑驚世換，鐘來廢寺覺城荒。
zhé xiān wèi bì wú yí hèn, lǎo qiàn tí shī dào yè láng.
謫仙未必無遺恨，老欠題詩到夜郎。