“長夜應憐桀何罪”的意思及全詩出處和翻譯賞析

《隋帝陵下》是唐代詩人鮑溶的作品。下面是這首詩詞的中文譯文、詩意和賞析：

白露沾衣隋主宮，云亭月館楚淮東。
盤龍樓艦浮冤水，雕錦帆幢使亂風。
長夜應憐桀何罪，告成合笑禹無功。
傷心近似驪山路，陵樹無根秋草中。

中文譯文：
白露沾濕衣衫，是隋朝皇帝的宮殿。
云亭、月館位于楚淮之東。
盤龍樓艦浮在冤魂的水上，雕錦帆幢被狂風吹亂。
長夜里應該同情桀紂的罪行，慶祝禹王的功績只能是無功而返。
傷心近似驪山的道路，陵墓樹木無根長在秋草之中。

詩意和賞析：
《隋帝陵下》描繪了一個荒涼的景象，以隋朝的帝陵為背景，表達了對歷史滄桑和人事易逝的感慨。

首句“白露沾衣隋主宮”揭示了秋天的景象，白露凝結在詩人的衣衫上，暗示了時光的流逝和歲月的更迭。詩人站在隋朝帝王的宮殿下，感嘆著這一切的榮華富貴已然煙消云散。

接下來的兩句描繪了楚淮地區的云亭和月館，以及盤龍樓艦。云亭和月館是楚地的建筑，與隋朝的帝陵形成了鮮明的對比。盤龍樓艦浮在冤魂的水上，雕錦帆幢被狂風吹亂，給人一種陰冷、凄涼的感覺，也暗示了歷史的血淚和悲痛。

下半首詩以對比的方式表達了詩人的感慨。長夜里，詩人應該同情桀紂王的罪行，慶祝禹王的功績卻只能是空洞的笑聲。這里揭示了歷史的無常和人事的無常，即使是邪惡的桀紂王也能夠引起同情，而偉大的禹王卻被人們遺忘。

最后兩句“傷心近似驪山路，陵樹無根秋草中”揭示了隋朝帝陵的凄涼景象。驪山是古代帝王陵墓的象征，詩人通過比喻表達了自己的悲傷之情。陵樹無根，秋草蔓延，暗示著帝陵的荒蕪和隋朝的沒落。

整首詩以凄涼的景色和對歷史滄桑的思考為主題，通過對比和象征的手法，表達了詩人對興亡歷史和人世無常的感慨。在荒涼的隋帝陵下，詩人展現了對盛衰興廢的深思和悲傷之《隋帝陵下》 is a poem written by the Tang dynasty poet Bao Rong. Here is the Chinese translation, the poetic meaning, and an analysis of the poem:

白露沾衣隋主宮，云亭月館楚淮東。盤龍樓艦浮冤水，雕錦帆幢使亂風。長夜應憐桀何罪，告成合笑禹無功。傷心近似驪山路，陵樹無根秋草中。

Chinese translation:
白露沾濕衣衫，隋朝皇帝的宮殿。云亭、月館在楚淮的東邊。盤龍樓艦漂浮在冤魂之水上，雕錦的帆幢被狂風吹亂。長夜里該同情桀紂的罪行，慶祝禹王的功績卻只能是無功而返。傷心近似驪山的路，陵墓中的樹木無根長在秋草之中。

Poetic meaning and analysis:
"Under the Tomb of the Sui Emperor" depicts a desolate scene and expresses the poet's contemplation of the vicissitudes of history and the transience of human affairs.

The first line, "Bai Lu zhan yi Sui zhu gong," reveals an autumn scene where the white dew moistens the poet's clothes, suggesting the passage of time and the changing seasons. The poet stands beneath the palace of the Sui dynasty emperor, lamenting the ephemeral nature of all the prosperity and glory.

The following two lines describe the Yunting and Yueguan, which are buildings in the Chu and Huai regions situated to the east. They form a stark contrast to the imperial tombs of the Sui dynasty. The Panlonglou ship floats on waters haunted by resentful spirits, and the ornate sails are tossed about by the wild winds, evoking a sense of coldness and desolation, and implying the tears and sorrows of history.

The second half of the poem expresses the poet's reflections through contrasts. In the long night, the poet should sympathize with the crimes of King Jie, but celebrating the achievements of Emperor Yu would only result in hollow laughter. This reveals the capriciousness of history and the fickleness of human affairs, where even the wicked King Jie can evoke sympathy while the great Emperor Yu is forgotten.

The final two lines, "Shangxin jin si Lishan lu, ling shu wu gen qiucao zhong," depict the desolate scene of the Sui dynasty tombs. Lishan symbolizes the ancient imperial tombs. Through metaphor, the poet expresses their sorrow. The trees in the tombs have no roots, and autumn grass spreads, indicating the desolation of the tombs and the decline of the Sui dynasty.

The poem revolves around a desolate scenery and the poet's contemplation of the vicissitudes of history. Through contrasts and symbolism, it conveys the poet's reflections on the rise and fall of civilizations and the impermanence of human affairs. Under the desolation of the Sui dynasty tombs, the poet reveals their deep thoughts and sorrow regarding the cycles of prosperity and decline.

suí dì líng xià
隋帝陵下

bái lù zhān yī suí zhǔ gōng, yún tíng yuè guǎn chǔ huái dōng.
白露沾衣隋主宮，云亭月館楚淮東。
pán lóng lóu jiàn fú yuān shuǐ,
盤龍樓艦浮冤水，
diāo jǐn fān chuáng shǐ luàn fēng.
雕錦帆幢使亂風。
cháng yè yīng lián jié hé zuì, gào chéng hé xiào yǔ wú gōng.
長夜應憐桀何罪，告成合笑禹無功。
shāng xīn jìn sì lí shān lù, líng shù wú gēn qiū cǎo zhōng.
傷心近似驪山路，陵樹無根秋草中。