“從知歷億秋”的意思及全詩出處和翻譯賞析

鄭尚書新開涪江二首

岸鑿青山破，江開白浪寒。
The green mountains crumbled as the river broke open with white, cold waves.

日沉源出海，春至草生灘。
The sun sets into the sea as spring arrives and grass grows on the shoal.

梓匠防波溢，蓬仙畏水干。
The craftsmen of Zizhou (a place known for its wood) guard against the overflowing waves, while the wandering immortals fear the drying of the water.

從今疏決后，任雨滯峰巒。
From now on, after the dig and separation, it allows rain to gather in the mountains.

不侵南畝務，已拔北江流。
It no longer encroaches upon the farmers in the south, and has already diverted the flow of the river in the north.

涪水方移岸，潯陽有到舟。
The Fu River shifts its banks, and Xunyang is accessible by boat.

潭澄初搗藥，波動乍垂鉤。
The clear pool is initially used for pounding medicine, while the rippling waves resemble dangling fishing hooks.

山可疏三里，從知歷億秋。
The mountains can be sparsely populated within three miles, and it is known to have endured countless autumns.

詩意和賞析：
這首詩是賈島寫給鄭尚書的題詞，歌頌了鄭尚書治理涪江的成就和對當地人民的貢獻。

詩的前兩句描繪了開河的景象，以山崩裂和浪翻江潮為象征，生動地表現出江河暢通的景象。

接下來的兩句描述了涪江的水流逆轉，不再侵蝕南畝，轉而改變北江的流向。這是鄭尚書勤勉治理涪江的結果。

詩的后兩句描述了涪江重新開辟的好處，潭澄之水清澈潔凈，可以用來制藥，同時波動的水面也像釣魚的鉤子，給人一種動感。

最后兩句表達了對鄭尚書成功治理涪江的贊美，山區可以疏通三里，持續經歷了無數個秋天，顯示了鄭尚書治理涪江的艱辛和成就。

zhèng shàng shū xīn kāi fú jiāng èr shǒu
鄭尚書新開涪江二首

àn záo qīng shān pò, jiāng kāi bái làng hán.
岸鑿青山破，江開白浪寒。
rì chén yuán chū hǎi, chūn zhì cǎo shēng tān.
日沉源出海，春至草生灘。
zǐ jiàng fáng bō yì, péng xiān wèi shuǐ gàn.
梓匠防波溢，蓬仙畏水干。
cóng jīn shū jué hòu, rèn yǔ zhì fēng luán.
從今疏決后，任雨滯峰巒。
bù qīn nán mǔ wù, yǐ bá běi jiāng liú.
不侵南畝務，已拔北江流。
fú shuǐ fāng yí àn, xún yáng yǒu dào zhōu.
涪水方移岸，潯陽有到舟。
tán chéng chū dǎo yào, bō dòng zhà chuí gōu.
潭澄初搗藥，波動乍垂鉤。
shān kě shū sān lǐ, cóng zhī lì yì qiū.
山可疏三里，從知歷億秋。