“寒色到書幃”的意思及全詩出處和翻譯賞析

《菩薩蠻》是宋代文學家張孝祥創作的一首詞，描繪了冬夜中寂靜而凄美的景象，表達了主人公在寒冷的夜晚中思念離別的情感。下面是詩詞的中文譯文、詩意和賞析：

中文譯文：
玉龍細點三更月。
庭花影下余殘雪。
寒色到書幃。
有人清夢迷。
墻西歌吹好。
燭暖香閨小。
多病怯杯觴。
不禁冬夜長。

詩意：
這首詞以冬夜的靜謐為背景，通過描繪月色、花影和雪景等自然景物，表達了主人公在寒冷的夜晚中思念離別之人的深情。詩中還透露出主人公的身體不適和對繁華世事的疏遠，進一步增強了離愁別緒的情感色彩。

賞析：
《菩薩蠻》以簡練而凄美的語言描繪了寒冷冬夜中的情景，展示了宋代詞的獨特韻味。下面是對各句的賞析：

1. "玉龍細點三更月。"：詩人通過形象的描寫，表達了夜晚中明亮的月光，玉龍細點的形容詞烘托出月光的清冷和靜謐。

2. "庭花影下余殘雪。"：詩中描繪了庭院中的花影和殘雪，冬天的景色給人一種寒冷和凄美的感覺。

3. "寒色到書幃。"：寒冷的色彩透過書幃映入室內，進一步增強了冬夜的寒冷氛圍。

4. "有人清夢迷。"：詩中透露出主人公思念離別之人的情感，形容主人公在夜晚中清醒的夢境中迷失。

5. "墻西歌吹好。"：墻外傳來的歌聲和吹奏的樂曲，為夜晚增添了一絲溫暖和生動的氣息。

6. "燭暖香閨小。"：燭光的溫暖和閨房的香氣，給人一種溫馨和寧靜的感覺。

7. "多病怯杯觴。"：主人公身體不適，對于飲酒和宴會等繁華世事產生了疏遠和怯意。

8. "不禁冬夜長。"：冬夜的時光顯得漫長，與主人公的離愁別緒相呼應，強調了思念之情的深沉和久長。

整首詞以冬夜為背景，通過對自然景物的描繪和主人公內心情感的抒發，展示了離愁別緒、寒冷凄美的主題。張孝祥以簡練而含蓄的語言，刻畫了人物的情感和環境的氛圍，給人以深深的思索和感嘆。這首詞在宋代文學史上具有重要地位，被譽為宋代詞的代表作之一《菩薩蠻》 is a ci (a form of lyric poetry) written by Zhang Xiaoxiang during the Song dynasty. It depicts a quiet and melancholic scene on a winter night, expressing the protagonist's longing for a departed loved one. Here is the translation, meaning, and analysis of the poem:

Translation:
A slender moon decorates the midnight sky,
Beneath the courtyard's flowers, remnants of snow lie.
The chill colors reach the curtains of my study,
Someone is lost in a clear dream, wandering unknowingly.
From the west wall, melodies of songs and flutes flow,
Candles warm the fragrant chamber, small and low.
Illness makes me shy away from toasting and drinking,
Winter nights seem endless, without stopping.

Meaning:
The poem sets the backdrop of a quiet winter night and uses imagery of moonlight, flower shadows, and snow to express the protagonist's deep affection for a departed loved one. It also hints at the protagonist's physical ailments and detachment from worldly affairs, emphasizing the emotions of parting and yearning.

Analysis:
"菩薩蠻" employs concise and melancholic language to depict the scene of a cold winter night, showcasing the unique charm of ci poetry during the Song dynasty. Here is an analysis of each line:

1. "A slender moon decorates the midnight sky": The poet vividly describes the brightness of the moonlight, using the adjective "slender" to highlight its clarity and serenity.

2. "Beneath the courtyard's flowers, remnants of snow lie": The poem portrays the flower shadows and remnants of snow in the courtyard, evoking a sense of coldness and melancholy.

3. "The chill colors reach the curtains of my study": The cold colors penetrate the curtains and enter the room, further enhancing the wintry atmosphere.

4. "Someone is lost in a clear dream, wandering unknowingly": This line implies the protagonist's yearning for a departed loved one, depicting them lost in a dream during the night, unaware of their surroundings.

5. "From the west wall, melodies of songs and flutes flow": The sound of songs and flutes drifts from the outside wall, adding warmth and liveliness to the night.

6. "Candles warm the fragrant chamber, small and low": The warm candlelight and fragrant atmosphere of the chamber create a cozy and tranquil ambiance.

7. "Illness makes me shy away from toasting and drinking": The protagonist's physical ailments make them reluctant to participate in drinking and festivities, distancing themselves from worldly affairs.

8. "Winter nights seem endless, without stopping": The long winter nights echo the protagonist's feelings of longing and sorrow, emphasizing the depth and duration of their emotions.

The entire ci poem revolves around the themes of longing and melancholy, set against a winter night backdrop. Through the depiction of natural scenery and the expression of the protagonist's inner emotions, Zhang Xiaoxiang conveys the profound and enduring nature of their longing. With concise and subtle language, the poem reveals the protagonist's emotions and the atmospheric setting, leaving readers with introspection and a sense of awe. "菩薩蠻" holds significant importance in the history of Song dynasty literature and is revered as one of the representative works of Song ci poetry.

pú sà mán
菩薩蠻

yù lóng xì diǎn sān gēng yuè.
玉龍細點三更月。
tíng huā yǐng xià yú cán xuě.
庭花影下余殘雪。
hán sè dào shū wéi.
寒色到書幃。
yǒu rén qīng mèng mí.
有人清夢迷。
qiáng xī gē chuī hǎo.
墻西歌吹好。
zhú nuǎn xiāng guī xiǎo.
燭暖香閨小。
duō bìng qiè bēi shāng.
多病怯杯觴。
bù jīn dōng yè zhǎng.
不禁冬夜長。